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Court issues injunction limiting strike at med centers

Unions plan to strike May 21-22.

In response to a request filed by the California Public Employment Relations Board, the state’s labor board responsible for overseeing public sector collective bargaining, Sacramento Superior Court Judge David l. Brown today (May 20) issued an injunction limiting the number of union employees that may strike UC medical centers.

The American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees, which represents UC patient care workers, has announced it is asking members to strike UC medical centers on May 21-22. AFSCME-represented UC service workers also are expected to strike “in sympathy” with patient care employees. The University Professional and Technical Employees union, which represents UC health care professionals, announced it also is asking its members to strike UC medical centers in sympathy with AFSCME for one day on May 21.

A copy of the injunction is available at www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/documents/afscme-upte_strike_injunction_052013.pdf.

In bringing the matter to court, PERB issued a formal complaint against the unions asserting that encouraging employees who perform essential functions critical to patient health and safety to strike constitutes an unfair labor practice.

“We appreciate the injunction and PERB’s complaint, even though both are more limited than what we were seeking, as we believe it’s completely inappropriate to put patients in the middle of a labor dispute and jeopardize essential services to them as a negotiating tactic,” said Dwaine Duckett, vice president for systemwide human resources at UC. “Leaders of both unions claim their chief concern is patient care, but it’s very simple: if they strike, services to patients suffer.”

Even with the injunction, Duckett said the threat of an AFSCME strike alone already is impacting patients. For example, UC San Francisco has had to postpone five surgeries for children with complex heart conditions, 12 pediatric chemotherapy infusions and appointments for two women who need operations by fetal treatment center surgeons. At UC Davis Health System more than 45 surgeries, including cancer surgeries, and more than 500 radiological procedures have been postponed. At UC San Diego Medical Center, more than 120 surgeries in orthopedics, ophthalmology, gynecology, cardiac, urology and spine have been postponed, and 60 gastroenterology procedures have been postponed. UC medical centers in Los Angeles and Irvine are having to do likewise. If AFSCME goes through with its strike, it is also expected to affect UC students since AFSCME members work at student health centers.

UC patient care technical employees include technicians responsible for operating equipment for ultrasounds, X-rays, MRIs, CT scans, mammograms and other tests; radiation therapists who prepare and treat cancer patients; pharmacy technicians who deliver medications to patients; respiratory therapists who help patients with breathing and treatment plans; and technicians who sterilize equipment used in surgeries.

UC has been in negotiations with AFSCME since June 2012 over terms of a new labor contract for UC’s patient care employees. The key issue in the negotiations is the union’s ongoing resistance to UC’s pension reforms, which include:

  • Increased contributions toward the cost of pension benefits from both UC and employees (currently 10 and 5 percent respectively, increasing to 12 and 6.5 percent respectively July 1, 2013)
  • A new category (“tier”) of pension benefits for employees hired on or after July 1, 2013
  • Revised eligibility rules for retiree health benefits

Eight UC unions representing 14 bargaining units have agreed to UC’s pension reforms, which also apply to faculty and non-union staff hired on or after July 1, 2013.

UC’s pension reforms are similar to what has been implemented for state employees, some of whom are represented by AFSCME.

Like many other employers, including the state of California, UC is enacting substantive pension reforms to help the university address a $24 billion unfunded pension plan liability, and enable it to continue offering employees financially sustainable pension benefits.

UC is offering AFSCME a four-year contract for UC patient care employees that includes:

  • Up to 3.5 percent wage increase per year for four years. These increases are on top of at least 5 percent increases patient care employees received in each of the past two years, at a time when many other UC employees received less or no increases at all.
  • Excellent health care benefits now and upon retirement. Retiree health care is a benefit that few public or private organizations nationwide still offer.
  • Pension benefits that few public or private organizations nationwide offer
  • Good working conditions and a satisfying work environment

The average salary of all AFSCME patient care employees is $55,000. Average salaries for specific patient care positions include:

$96,265 — Respiratory Therapist

$90,626 — Radiologist Technologist

$59,654 — Vocational Nurse

The average salary of all UPTE health care employees is $96,600. Average salaries for specific health care employee positions include:

$139,295 — Staff Pharmacist

$91,317 — Licensed Clinical Social Worker

$89,349 — Clinical Lab Scientist

$86,316 — Occupational Therapist

In addition to cash compensation, UC offers employees a very attractive benefits package that includes health benefits, pension benefits and retiree health insurance, which can represent an additional 25-40 percent of an employee’s annual pay.

This is not the first time UC has had to pursue legal action against a strike threat from AFSCME.  In July 2008, the union called on UC patient care employees to strike at all five UC medical centers. UC petitioned PERB to request a restraining order against the strike on UC’s behalf. PERB issued a complaint against AFSCME for bad-faith bargaining and for encouraging employees who perform essential patient care functions to strike even though their absence from work would clearly endanger the public’s safety. The Superior Court of San Francisco issued a restraining order prohibiting the union’s strike.

For more information about UC’s negotiations with the AFSCME, visit http://ucal.us/PatientCareTechs.

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Statement on impact of scheduled strike

UC senior VP for health comments on impact of walkout on patient care.

Dr. John Stobo, UC senior vice president for health sciences and services, made the following statement today (May 17) about the human impact of a strike scheduled for next week at University of California medical centers:

“We will do everything possible to ensure the safety of patients at UC hospitals, and that will cost up to $20 million across the five UC medical centers. But the real cost is the human one. If employees represented by AFSCME and UPTE strike, it will mean cancer patients may have their chemotherapy curtailed. It will mean a burn victim may have to be diverted from the UC Davis burn treatment center. It will mean someone suffering from chest pains may have to travel an additional 15 minutes for treatment because a UC emergency room is backed up for lack of staff.

“At the regents meeting this week, AFSCME representatives shouted, ‘Shame on you.’ I say, Shame on them. Shame on them for jeopardizing health services that people need and deserve. It is completely inappropriate to threaten services to patients as a negotiating tactic — the health of our patients must not be held hostage. If union members are as concerned with patient safety as they claim, why strike? How does that help anyone? What will happen to people who need care?

“To resolve pension and other outstanding labor issues, the union leadership should return to the bargaining table rather than force UC medical centers to curtail services. There are no ‘ifs,’ ‘ands’ or ‘buts’ about it. If union-represented employees strike, people will suffer.”


Find out more
Additional information, including facts about the impacts of a strike, are available at http://atyourservice.ucop.edu/employees/policies_employee_labor_relations/collective_bargaining_units/patientcaretechnical_pct.

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Nurse practitioners play increasing role

Health care reform opens opportunities.

UCLA nurse practitioner Abigail Striblea talks to a patient at the Union Rescue Mission in the skid row area of downtown Los Angeles.

Afflicted with pulmonary arterial hypertension and breathing difficulties, Carol Volckmann was unable to get much help from physicians near her home in the Cascade Mountains in Washington state. Desperate, she began consulting physicians elsewhere and ultimately chose UCLA pulmonologist Dr. Rajan Saggar.

Volckmann said the result was “excellent care,” as well as a new and vital member of her health care team: Kathy McCloy, one of 160 nurse practitioners (NPs) spread across the UCLA Health System.

Hundreds of miles south and a world away at the UCLA School of Nursing Health Center at the Union Rescue Mission in the skid row section of downtown Los Angeles, nurse practitioner Hannah Bampton spends Wednesday nights with homeless families.

“Dr. Saggar prescribed very aggressive medication for my treatment,” said Volckmann, who speaks with McCloy regularly from Washington. “Then Kathy came in and spent a lot of time with me and my husband, making us feel comfortable. This could all be very scary, but we don’t feel scared because we know she’s right there for us.”

“I’m available all night for families that need to be seen for anything,” Bampton said. “By doing that, we’ve decreased the number of unnecessary urgent care visits. Someone might call 911 if there was no one there. But with a night nurse there, the kid doesn’t need to go to an ER, because I’m going to help him here.”

McCloy and Bampton are a new breed of health care provider that figures to play a pivotal role in health care in this country. Increasingly, it is a nurse practitioner whom patients see when they go to their doctor’s office. They also visit them at clinics, in retail pharmacies and hospitals.

Patients make more than 600 million visits to the nation’s 157,000 nurse practitioners every year, according to the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Those visits are expected to increase as 35 million new patients enter the health care system in the next few years as a result of the Affordable Care Act.

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Community impact: Nurse-run clinics

 

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UC awards 11 grants to improve care to surgery patients

$5.4M for projects at UC medical centers.

The University of California has awarded 11 grants totaling $5.4 million for projects designed to improve patient care and reduce the risk of clinical harm to UC surgery patients.

About 110,000 patients undergo surgery each year at UC medical centers. The risk fellowship grants include projects to improve outcomes for neurosurgical patients, increase the quality of care for high-risk colorectal surgery patients, and decrease surgical site infections in patients undergoing procedures such as knee and hip replacements throughout UC Health.

More than 30 projects were submitted for this round of funding, sponsored by a new joint venture between the UC Center for Health Quality and Innovation (CHQI) and UC’s systemwide Office of Risk Services called the Center for Health Quality and Innovation Quality Enterprise Risk Management. The projects were reviewed using an enterprise risk management focus on improving collaboration between specialties and practitioners.

The grants are part of UC Health’s efforts to improve patient care and satisfaction at medical centers at UC Davis, UC Irvine, UCLA, UC San Diego and UC San Francisco.

Along with the grants, risk fellows will receive training in leadership and change management from the UCSF Center for Health Professions, which also has trained previous innovation center awardees.

“We believe that one of the single most important tools that we can give our awardees is training in leadership and change management,” said innovation center Executive Director Terry Leach. “We are asking them to work with us to change the culture of care from within their institutions, and we want to arm them with information about their own negotiation and leadership styles, as well as those of the individuals who they will need to influence.“

The awardees include:

Multisite projects

  • UC Care Check: A Standardized Multidisciplinary Approach to Improve Neurosurgical Patient Outcomes and Care Experiences, $1.25 million, three-year project
    Project directors: James Harrison, M.P.H., Ph.D., Catherine Lau, M.D., UCSF
    Campus leads: Jeffrey Uppington, M.D., UC Davis; Alpesh Amin, M.D., MBA, UC Irvine; Nasim Afsarmanesh, M.D., UCLA; Gregory Seymann, M.D., S.F.H.M., UC San Diego
  • High-Risk Colon and Rectal Surgery Intervention Program, $1 million, three-year project
    Project director: Michael Stamos, UC Irvine
    Campus leads: Kathrin Troppmann, M.D., UC Davis; Clifford Ko, M.D., M.S., M.S.H.S., UCLA; Sonia Ramamoorthy, M.D., F.A.C.S., F.A.S.C.R.S., UC San Diego; Madhulika Varma, M.D., UCSF
  • Developing Standardized Operative Bundles to Decrease Surgical Site Infections, $1.35 million, three-year project
    Project director: Francesca Torriani, M.D., F.I.D.S.A., UC San Diego
    Campus leads: Stuart Cohen, M.D., UC Davis; Susan Huang, M.D., UC Irvine; Zach Rubin, M.D., UCLA; Shira Abeles, M.D., UC San Diego; Catherine Liu, M.D., UCSF; Amy Nichols, R.N., MBA, UCSF

Single-site projects

  • Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS): A UC-wide Initiative to Decrease Postoperative Morbidity After Major Surgery, $200,000, three-year project
    Project director: Maxime Cannesson, M.D., Ph.D.,  UC Irvine
  • Development and Implementation of Comprehensive Periprocedural Handover Processes, $167,000, two-year project
    Project director: Anahat Dhillon, M.D., UCLA
  • The UC Collaborative to Improve Management of Perioperative Anticoagulant Care and Transitions (The UC IMPACT Project), $250,000, three-year project
    Project director: Margaret Fang, M.D., UCSF
  • Project to Eradicate Postoperative Delirium in High-Risk Patients (PEPOD), $167,000, two-year project
    Project director: Jacqueline Leung, M.D., UCSF
  • Optimizing Care of the Surgical Patient With Hyperglycemia Across the Continuum of Care, $250,000, three-year project
    Project director: Greg Maynard, M.D., M.Sc., UC San Diego
  • Delivering Value-Based Neurosurgery Care (NERVS protocol) and Enhanced Professional Communication for Comprehensive Risk Prevention, $250,000, three-year project
    Project director: Nancy McLaughlin, M.D., UCLA
  • Improving Communication and Perinatal Outcomes With the Use of Standardized Handoffs for Nurses, Residents and Staff Physicians, $250,000, three-year project
    Project director: Karen Noblett, M.D., UC Irvine
  • Co-managed Geriatric Hip Fracture, $250,000, three-year project
    Project director: Philip Wolinsky, M.D., UC Davis

About UC Health
University of California Health includes five academic health centers — UC Davis, UC Irvine, UCLA, UC San Diego and UC San Francisco — with 10 hospitals and 18 health professional schools and programs on seven UC campuses. For more information, visit http://health.universityofcalifornia.edu.

About the UC Center for Health Quality and Innovation
UC Health launched the Center for Health Quality and Innovation in October 2010. The center is designed to promote, support and nurture innovations at UC medical center campuses and hospitals to improve quality, access and value in the delivery of health care. For more information, visit http://health.universityofcalifornia.edu/innovation-center.

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MeForYou campaign rallies public for precision medicine

UCSF seeks to build support through social media.

Precision medicine is more than just a scientific concept or an academic theory. At its heart is a promise to bring better treatments and faster cures to patients, to improve lives around the world.

And it all begins with one person understanding this enormous potential, demanding a new standard of health care, and allowing his or her genetic data to inform researchers looking at diseases on a global level. The power of these individuals could revolutionize the practice of medicine.

UC San Francisco seeks to harness this power by embarking on a public awareness campaign that focuses on how precision medicine can impact one person: a little girl whose genetics suggest that she could one day develop a potentially fatal form of breast cancer. What if we could prevent that from ever happening? What if we could prevent that from ever happening to someone you love?

UCSF is embarking on a public awareness campaign to promote the promise of precision medicine.

MeForYou.org challenges us to pose those questions and calls on us to take action, first by educating ourselves and others about precision medicine. The website asks people to pledge their support for the cause by making a simple dedication that can be shared on social media.

The campaign at MeForYou.org was launched during OME 2013, a gathering of more than 150 top thought leaders representing biomedical research, health care, technology and public policy to chart the course of precision medicine. The unprecedented summit – which brought National Institutes of Health Director Francis Collins, M.D., Ph.D.; Food and Drug Administration Commissioner Margaret Hamburg, M.D.; Institute of Medicine President Harvey Fineberg, M.D., and other distinguished participants to UCSF’s Mission Bay campus for two days of working sessions – produced several ambitious initiatives aimed at building networks to analyze the wealth of biological data and removing the obstacles to implementation.

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Chancellors approve insurance recommendations

Campuses choose varied options within UC SHIP student health plan; some will leave plan.

>>Breakdown of recommendations, campus actions

Chancellors of the 10 University of California campuses have agreed unanimously with all of an advisory committee’s recommendations regarding the UC Student Health Insurance Program (UC SHIP). Recommendations of the 31-member UC SHIP Advisory Board included elimination of the lifetime maximum and other caps on essential health benefits.

“These added benefits will provide students with enhanced access to care and less financial risk,” said Lori Taylor, the University of California system’s newly named director of self-funded health plans. “The University of California remains committed to providing quality health care insurance to its students, offering strong benefits at an affordable price in a plan that is sustainable now and in the future.”

At a regularly scheduled meeting in Oakland on Wednesday (May 1), UC chancellors approved an advisory board recommendation that premiums be excluded as a source for recouping an accrued deficit projected at $57 million. Options are under review at the UC Office of the President.

The chancellors also confirmed that some campuses will remain with UC SHIP, and some will pursue other options. Students on campuses leaving UC SHIP will have comparable insurance through another insurer, as mandated by the Regents. Taylor said that, with 58,000 students staying in the program, UC SHIP will be self-supporting, with appropriately priced premiums. Coverage for all students will conform to the Affordable Care Act, including provisions dealing with caps.

The advisory group included students and student health directors from UC campuses and UC Hastings College of the Law; they received suggestions from student groups and other stakeholders.

Campuses that chose to stay with UC SHIP decided that premiums should be based on the true cost of the plan on their campus rather than subsidizing other locations or being subsidized by them.

Here is a summary of campus decisions on participation – or not – in UC SHIP:

•    Berkeley: Leave UC SHIP medical, dental and vision.
•    Davis: Leave UC SHIP medical, stay in UC SHIP dental and vision.
•    Hastings: Stay in UC SHIP.
•    Irvine: Graduate students stay in UC SHIP; undergraduates leave medical plan, but keep dental and vision.
•    Los Angeles: Stay in UC SHIP.
•    Merced: Stay in UC SHIP.
•    Riverside: Leave UC SHIP medical; graduate students keep UC SHIP dental and vision.
•    San Diego: Stay in UC SHIP, voluntary vision for undergraduates.
•    San Francisco: Stay in UC SHIP.
•    Santa Barbara: Leave UC SHIP medical; keep UC SHIP dental and vision.
•    Santa Cruz: Stay in UC SHIP, voluntary dental and vision.

UC SHIP’s medical coverage, created in 2010, is self-funded, supported solely by the premiums paid by students. For fall 2012, approximately 139,000 students were enrolled.

Graduate students on six campuses took part in the pilot program the first year. The 10 UC campuses and UC Hastings College of the Law have been participants for the last two years.

UC SHIP was created with extensive input from students. During the benefit design phase, students emphasized the importance of an affordable premium and low co-pays.

Prior to the Board of Regents’ requirement that all UC students have adequate health insurance and the creation of UC’s student health insurance plan, many UC students had no access to health insurance.

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Depth of field

UCSF students drawn to San Francisco’s legacy of social justice.

“UCSF attracts a special type of student,” says dentistry professor Steve Silverstein, D.D.S., M.P.H., a public health veteran. “They’re drawn to San Francisco for its legacy of social justice, and they give back while they’re here because it’s in their DNA.”

The many ways in which UCSF students reach out to the community are as diverse as the city itself, from combating hepatitis B to hosting radio shows about science careers. These efforts fill a void for the underserved, and can also spark revelations for students about the social determinants of health – the cultural, economic, genetic and behavioral factors that threaten the well-being of entire communities.

Vivian Sha, N.P.C., just completed a full year’s immersion in community health at Glide Health Services, located in the Tenderloin district of San Francisco. Managed by nurses, the federally qualified center provides vital primary care to some of the city’s most impoverished patients – and mentors students like Sha, who seek to treat the underserved as part of their training.

Three years ago, Glide expanded its scaffold for these trainees by partnering with the UCSF School of Nursing in a joint nurse practitioner residency, among 10 programs nationwide to receive a three-year Health Resources and Administration grant. Sha was one of the program’s first two graduates.

“Community health is different. The pace is faster, there are a lot of elements, and there’s not much support,” says Pat Dennehy, R.N., M.S. ’99, D.N.P., UCSF nursing professor and Glide’s director. New graduates often require more mentoring; without it, they tend to leave safety-net practices, she explains. “Our program strives to provide that support.”

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In the media: Week of May 19

A sampling of news media stories involving UC Health:

UC medical center strike: Most union members reported for work, Los Angeles Times

As University of California patient care workers returned to the picket lines in a workplace dispute Wednesday, hospital administrators said they were gratified that so many union members chose to come to work rather than strike. More than three-quarters of the union employees scheduled to work Tuesday did so, said Dianne Klein, spokeswoman for the UC office of the president. Hospital officials said they expected a similar turnout Wednesday.

See additional coverage: Associated Press, KPCC (audio), City News Service

UC hospitals say patients safe despite strike, The Associated Press

Thousands of workers at University of California medical centers began a two-day strike on Tuesday that prompted the postponement of dozens of surgeries amid reassurances that patients were safe. A union representing some 13,000 hospital pharmacists, nursing assistants, operating room scrubs and other health care workers began the walkout at 4 a.m. at medical facilities in San Diego, Orange, Los Angeles, Santa Monica, San Francisco and Sacramento. Nurses were not on strike, emergency rooms were open, and about 450 union employees remained in critical jobs under court order. The hospitals had prepared for the strike by postponing non-essential surgeries, hiring hundreds of temporary workers and having supervisors do some jobs.

See additional coverage: Los Angeles Times; Sacramento Bee; San Francisco Chronicle; U-T San Diego; ABC Los Angeles (video); CBS Los Angeles (audio, video); KTLA (video); NBC Los Angeles (video); ABC San Diego (video); CBS San Diego (video); NBC San Diego (video); CBS San Francisco (audio, video); KTVU (video); KPCC May 21, FAQ; KCRA; KUSI; Santa Monica Daily Press; Reuters; California Healthline; City News Service; Bay City News

Court limits number who can strike at UC medical centers, Los Angeles Times

A Sacramento County Superior Court judge ruled Monday that about 450 employees cannot participate in this week’s planned walkout at the University of California medical centers. The unions must maintain a minimum level of staffing among certain units, including the burn centers, the intensive care units and the neonatal intensive care units, the judge ruled. If all the respiratory therapists in the burn centers and poison control units were to strike, the court ruled, there would be a “substantial and imminent threat to public health or safety.” Even with the injunction, more than 12,000 patient care workers from AFSCME  are expected to strike from 4 a.m. Tuesday until 4 a.m. Thursday at the five centers in Sacramento (UC Davis), Los Angeles, Irvine, San Francisco and San Diego. Several thousand more from the University Professional and Technical Employees union plan to participate in a one-day sympathy strike. 

See additional coverage: Wall Street Journal, Los Angeles Times May 19, Sacramento Bee, Sacramento Business Journal, U-T San Diego, ABC Los Angeles (video), ABC San Diego, KCRA (video), KPCC (audio), KTLA, Associated Press, Bloomberg, Reuters, OC Weekly, San Francisco Business Times, San Francisco Bay Guardian, Santa Monica Daily Press, California Healthline, City News Service, Bay City News

Editorial: UC must resolve wide pay gap at heart of dispute, The Sacramento Bee

A yawning gap has emerged between University of California health system administrators and rank-and-file health workers, according to this editorial, which urges both sides to return to the bargaining table and hammer this out. Thirteen thousand patient-care technical workers plan a two-day strike of the five UC Medical Centers – Davis, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Irvine and San Diego – starting Tuesday. The labor contract expired last September and negotiations have broken down, primarily over changes to the UC retirement plan.

Dan Bernstein: UCR MED needs UC, not Jerry Brown’s, support, The Riverside Press-Enterprise

This column calls for UC to include funding for the UC Riverside School of Medicine in its budget.

UCSD facility built to make better doctors, U-T San Diego

A feature on UC San Diego’s Center for the Future of Surgery and state-of-the-art medical education training.

New educational practices improving patient care in Sacramento, CBS Sacramento

Bill Hammontree, program manager for the UC Davis Center for Virtual Care, uses ultra-sophisticated mannequin patient simulators and surgical robots to train health care professionals.

SARS-like virus puts experts on alert, San Francisco Chronicle

A disease similar to SARS – the severe acute respiratory syndrome that killed nearly 800 people worldwide in the early 2000s – is winding its way through the Middle East and capturing the attention of infectious disease experts around the globe. The disease – newly labeled Middle East respiratory syndrome, or MERS – is caused by a coronavirus, the same type of virus responsible for SARS. Coronaviruses once were known among doctors only as a cause of the common cold, until the SARS epidemic in 2002, which started in Hong Kong and eventually spread to Canada before petering out. The article quotes Charles Chiu, head of the viral diagnostics laboratory at UCSF; Larry Drew, head of the UCSF virology lab, which tests virus samples in San Francisco; and Art Reingold, a UC Berkeley epidemiologist.

California study: Treatments for prostate and breast cancer vary widely, depending on where people live, Contra Costa Times

A study released Tuesday by the California HealthCare Foundation found variations in treatments, based on where patients live. The article quotes Matthew Cooperberg, an assistant professor in the departments of urology and epidemiology and biostatistics at UC San Francisco.

San Francisco leading the way in health data applications, California Healthline

The city of San Francisco is leading the way in using health data in innovative ways and it’s paying off in a big way, according to several city officials who spoke yesterday at the Healthy Communities Data Summit. The daylong summit at UC-San Francisco’s Mission Bay campus was hosted by Health 2.0 and the Foundation for Healthcare Innovation. California HealthCare Foundation, which publishes California Healthline, sponsored the event.

How Obamacare could change Medi-Cal for the better (and worse), California Healthline

A study released earlier this year by the UC-Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education and the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research found that California’s share of Medi-Cal expansion costs would be relatively small; federal dollars would account for at least 85% of the total costs of the eligibility expansion and increased take-up among those eligible but not enrolled through 2019.

Op-ed: Immigration: A wider better welcome mat, Los Angeles Times

UC Davis Chancellor Linda Katehi advocates immigration reform to welcome more talented foreign students. “In my role as chancellor of UC Davis, I see such contributions every day,” she says. “I think of Carlito Lebrilla, who came from the Philippines to study chemistry at UC Irvine and UC Berkeley, and Kit Lam, an immigrant from Hong Kong who received his undergraduate degree at the University of Texas, his doctorate at the University of Wisconsin and his medical degree at Stanford. Now members of the UC Davis faculty, these brilliant men have developed and are bringing to market technology that may give us a way to diagnose cancer earlier and less invasively.”

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New center targets ocean contaminants and human health

Scripps scientists lead two projects to track potentially toxic chemicals in marine life, impacts on human health.

(From left) Paul Jensen, Brad Moore, Eric Allen, Lihini Aluwihare of Scripps and Eunha Hoh of San Diego State University.

Capitalizing on UC San Diego’s unique ability to address environmental threats to public health, a new center based at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego will target emerging contaminants found naturally in common seafood dishes as well as man-made chemicals that accumulate in human breast milk.

With $6 million in joint funding from the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation, the new Scripps Center for Oceans and Human Health will track natural chemicals known as halogenated organic compounds, or HOCs. Human-manufactured varieties include polybrominated diphenyl ethers, or PBDEs, chemicals that until recently were manufactured and broadly used in commercial products as flame retardants in the textile and electronics sectors.

Less is known about the natural versions of HOCs that accumulate in marine mammals such as seals and dolphins and have been identified in top predators that humans consume such as tuna and swordfish. While PBDEs are well known for their toxicity and have been linked to a variety of human diseases, including cancer and thyroid ailments, the origin and transmission of their natural counterparts are poorly understood.

The Scripps Center for Oceans and Human Health will investigate the biology and chemistry behind these natural contaminants in the Southern California Bight, from Point Conception in Santa Barbara south to Ensenada, Mexico.

“The new Center for Oceans and Human Health is uniting leading experts in oceanography and medicine, two areas that make UC San Diego one of the best and most unique universities in the world, to address an emerging threat to public health and safety,” said UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep K. Khosla. “UC San Diego is proud to be leading this effort in collaboration with other prominent institutions around the San Diego region.”

“The Scripps Center for Oceans and Human Health is focused on addressing to what extent nature contributes to the production and transmission of these toxins in the marine environment,” said Bradley Moore, director of the new center and a professor of oceanography and pharmaceutical sciences at Scripps and the UC San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. “Southern California waters will be the focus of our study, in part because our state has the highest reported incidence of polybrominated chemicals in human breast milk in the world.”

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Depression linked to telomere enzyme, aging, chronic disease

Activity of telomerase is greater, on average, in untreated individuals with major depression.

Owen Wolkowitz, UC San Francisco

The first symptoms of major depression may be behavioral, but the common mental illness is based in biology — and not limited to the brain.

In recent years, some studies have linked major, long-term depression with life-threatening chronic disease and with earlier death, even after lifestyle risk factors have been taken into account.

Now a research team led by Owen Wolkowitz, M.D., professor of psychiatry at UC San Francisco, has found that within cells of the immune system, activity of an enzyme called telomerase is greater, on average, in untreated individuals with major depression. The preliminary findings from his latest, ongoing study was reported today (May 22) at the annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association in San Francisco.

Telomerase is an enzyme that lengthens protective end caps on the chromosomes’ DNA, called telomeres. Shortened telomeres have been associated with earlier death and with chronic diseases in population studies.

The heightened telomerase activity in untreated major depression might represent the body’s attempt to fight back against the progression of disease, in order to prevent biological damage in long-depressed individuals, Wolkowitz said.

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Global health grant awarded to fight malaria

UC San Diego grad student receives Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Explorations grant.

Greg Goldgof, UC San Diego

The University of California, San Diego School of Medicine announced today that it is a Grand Challenges Explorations winner, an initiative funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.  Greg G. Goldgof, a graduate student in UC San Diego’s Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program and the Medical Science Training Program will pursue an innovative global health and development research project, titled “Outsmarting Malaria: Developing next generation anti-malarials that prevent the evolution of drug resistance.”

Grand Challenges Explorations (GCE) funds individuals worldwide to explore ideas that can break the mold in how we solve persistent global health and development challenges.  Goldgof’s project is one of over 50 Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 grants announced today (May 21) by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

To receive funding, Goldgof and other Grand Challenges Explorations Round 10 winners demonstrated in a two-page online application a bold idea in one of four critical global heath and development topic areas that included agriculture development, neglected tropical diseases and communications.

Goldgof works in the lab of Elizabeth Winzeler, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Pediatrics at UC San Diego School of Medicine.  The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation grant will support Goldgof’s work to use genetically engineered yeast to rapidly evolve resistance to potential anti-malarial therapies, and then sequence the resistant strains’ genomes to discover the mechanism for resistance to each drug. The hope is that this information will guide development of the next-generation of drugs that can overcome drug resistance to successfully fight malaria, which kills more than a million men, women and children each year, many of them in underdeveloped countries.

“I am very appreciative that the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has funded my proposal to develop a new technology for drug development to treat malaria,” said Goldgof.  “This information will be used to prioritize drug candidates for clinical trials and to identify new malaria drug targets for future therapies.”

Goldgof will use genetically engineered yeast developed by collaborator Yo Suzuki, Ph.D., an assistant professor at J. Craig Venter Institute in La Jolla.

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100K Pathogen Genome Project maps first genomes

First sequenced genomes include salmonella, listeria, other foodborne microorganisms.

Striking a blow at foodborne diseases, the 100K Pathogen Genome Project at the University of California, Davis, today announced that it has sequenced the genomes of its first 10 infectious microorganisms, including strains of Salmonella and Listeria.

“We are creating a free, online encyclopedia or reference database of genomes so that during a foodborne disease outbreak, scientists and public health professionals can quickly identify the responsible microorganism and track its source in the food supply using automated information-handling methods,” said professor Bart Weimer, director of the 100K Genome Project and co-director of BGI@UC Davis, the Sacramento facility where the sequencing is carried out.

Weimer estimates that the availability of this genomic information will cut in half the time necessary to diagnose and treat foodborne illnesses, and will enable scientists to make discoveries that can be used to develop new methods for controlling disease-causing microorganisms in the food chain.

The project is dedicated to sequencing the genomes of 100,000 bacteria and viruses that cause serious foodborne illnesses in people around the world.

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Two decades of fighting breast cancer

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